What is Corrosion ? Corrosion which is the metal’s loss of metalic specialities, is a result of chemical and electrochemical reactions between the metal and the environment. Most of the metals are not enduring againist the effects of water and atmosphere and can easily be corroded under normal conditions . Except some of the inert metals all of the metals and their alloys corrode more or less. Corrosion can be seen in all parts of industry. Thanks that are in open air, depts, columns, parapets, vehicles, underground pipe lines, reinforced concrete irons, port legs, ships, chemical liquid pots in factories, pipes and many machine parts are faced with corrosion . All of these constructions become unserviceable because of corrosion and economical loss occurs.

What Is Cathodic Protection ? Cathodic Protection is making the metal construction which has to be protected, a catode of a electrochemical cell and stopping of anodical reactions which occur on the metal surface. Cathodic Protection’s purpose is the polarization of potential of the metal to be protected to the open circuit potential of the anode. To do this, an impressed current is applied to the metal in the catodical direction.

There has been great development in Cathodic Protection which began to be applied in 1930s, and has been the most effective and economical way againist corrosion. The first application of Cathodic Protection was in oil pipe lines. Today a lot of metal constructions like port legs, ships, water and oil storage tanks, chemical material pots, heat changers, reinforced concrete irons, etc. are protected catodically. Especially in order to operate high pressured oil and natural gas pipe lines safely, Cathodic Protection is necessary .

Cathodic Protection divides into two as impressed current sourced and sacrificial.

a- Impressed Current Sourced ; Cathodic Protection impressed curent sourced Cathodic Protection is made as an outer direct current is applied to the metal. Direct current (-) end which is supplied from a transformator redressor system, is tied to the metal to be protected and the (+) end to a auxiliary anode.

b-Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection ; In sacrificial anode cathodic protection systems the metal to be protected tied with a metal (anode) which has less negative potential. So a galvanic cell is formed by this way metal construction is made catode. By dissolving galvanic anodes produce current like a cell. The electrons which occur by the dissolvement of anode, supply the electrons which are necessary for catodical reaction by moving from outer connection to the catode (protected metal construction).

Current capacities and efficiency of sacrificial anodes are definite. The surface of the metal construction to be protected can be kept as cathode by connecting adeguate amount and number of galvanic anodes to the cathodic protection circuit.

The usage field of Catodic Protection:

• Pipe Lines: Fresh water pipe lines, natural gas pipe lines, waste water pipes, undersea pipes, fire hidrant pipe lines, oil pipe lines.
• Inner sea constructions and vehicles: Ships, ferryboats, sea buses, submarine, yachts, harbour, port, platform, stake legs, float, etc.
• Tanks: Underground LPG and fuel tanks, ground fuel tanks, waste water tanks, fresh water storage tanks, etc.
• Water Systems: Cooling and heating heat transfer systems, water heating systems, stream boilers, boiler tanks etc.

Zinc Anodes ; Anodes are used in Cathodic Protection of iron and steel constructions that are in salty water with resistivity under 2000 Ohm.cm, fresh water and soil.

Chemical Composition

Generally the usage field is as follows:

• Ship, boat, yacht and tugs
• Ships ballast tanks
• Ports and stakes
• Pipe lines
• Heat converters

Zinc Hull Anodes

Zinc Anodess are casted from zinc ingots with 99,99% purity according to the T I and T II standards. In conditions like sea water and salty mud T I alloy is used as T II alloy is used in conditions like fresh water and soil. Zinc anodes’s which are going to be used in soil ground, are packed with %25 gypsum, 50% bentonite and 25% sodium sulfate mixture in cloth sacks in order to decrease resistivity and make anode work uniformly.

Aluminium Anodes ; Aluminium Anodes is used in Cathodic Protection of iron and steel constructions that are located in places with Cl ion and sea water, resistivity under 1000 Ohm.cm

Generally the usage field is as follows ;

►Ships ballast tanks

►Ports and stakes

►Pipe lines

►Heat converters

►Ship, boat, yacht and tugs

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